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The Life's Work And Tumultuous Times Of Father Eugenio Pacelli, Cardinal Secretary of State For The Vatican And Ultimately His Holiness Pope Pius XII Of The Roman Catholic Church From 1939 To 1958, Presented In The Highest DVD Quality MPG Video Format Of 9.1 MBPS As An Archival Quality All Regions Format DVD, MP4 Video Download Or USB Flash Drive! (Black And White, 1962, 24 Minutes.) #EugenioPacelli #PopePiusXII #Pope #Catholicism #RomanCatholicism #CatholicChurch #RomanCatholicChurch #Reichskonkordat #DVD #VideoDownload #MP4 #USBFlashDrive
Pope Pius XII, Pope of the Catholic Church (March 2, 1876 - October 9, 1958) was born Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli Eugenio Pacelli in Rome into a family of intense Catholic piety with a history of ties to the papacy as one of the "Black Nobility". Also known as the "Black Aristocracy", the Black Nobility consisted of Roman aristocratic families who sided with the Papacy under Pope Pius IX after the Savoy family-led army of the Kingdom of Italy entered Rome on September 20, 1870, overthrew the Pope and the Papal States, and took over the Quirinal Palace, and any nobles subsequently ennobled by the Pope prior to the 1929 Lateran Treaty. In 1939, on his 53rd birthday, Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli was elected Pope, and took the name Pius XII, serving as Pope until his death in 1958. Before his election to the papacy, Pacelli served as secretary of the Department of Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs, papal nuncio to Germany (1917-1929), and Cardinal Secretary of State, in which capacity he worked to conclude treaties with European and Latin American nations, most notably the Reichskonkordat with Nazi Germany, a treaty negotiated between the Vatican and the emergent Nazi Germany that guarantees the rights of the Roman Catholic Church in Germany. Expressing dismay at the invasion of Poland, he as Pope reiterated Church teaching against racial persecution and calling for love, compassion and charity to prevail over war. While the Vatican was officially neutral during the war, Pius XII maintained links to the German Resistance, used diplomacy to aid the victims of the war and lobby for peace, and spoke out during Pope Pius XII's 1942 Christmas address against race-based murders and other atrocities. The Reichskonkordat of 1933 and Pius's leadership of the Catholic Church during World War II remain the subject of controversy - including allegations of public silence and inaction about the fate of the Jews. After the war, Pius XII advocated peace and reconciliation, including lenient policies towards Axis and Axis-satellite nations. Pius XII was also a staunch opponent of Communism and of the Italian Communist Party. During his papacy, the Decree against Communism was issued by the church; the decree declared that Catholics who profess Communist doctrine are to be excommunicated as apostates from the Christian faith. In turn, the Church experienced severe persecution and mass deportations of Catholic clergy in the Eastern Bloc. He explicitly invoked ex cathedra papal infallibility with the dogma of the Assumption of Mary in his 1950 Apostolic constitution Munificentissimus Deus. His magisterium includes almost 1,000 addresses and radio broadcasts. His forty-one encyclicals include Mystici corporis, the Church as the Body of Christ; Mediator Dei on liturgy reform; and Humani generis on the Church's positions on theology and evolution. He eliminated the Italian majority in the College of Cardinals in 1946. In 1954, Pius XII began to suffer from ill health, which would continue until his death at 3:52 a.m. on October 9, 1958, when he gave a smile, lowered his head and died. The cause of death was recorded as acute heart failure. His physician Dr. Gaspanini said afterwards: "The Holy Father did not die because of any specific illness. He was completely exhausted. He was overworked beyond limit. His heart was healthy, his lungs were good. He could have lived another 20 years, had he spared himself." The embalming of his body was mishandled, with effects that were evident during the funeral. He was buried in the Vatican grottos and was succeeded by Pope John XXIII. In the process toward sainthood, his cause for canonization was opened on 18 November 1965 by Pope Paul VI during the final session of the Second Vatican Council. He was made a Servant of God by Pope John Paul II in 1990 and Pope Benedict XVI declared Pius XII Venerable on December 19, 2009.