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The Complete Unabridged 1987 4 Part TV Documentary Miniseries On The Life And Art Of The Great Nobel Prize Winning American Author And Journalist Ernest Hemingway Presented In The Highest DVD Quality MPG Video Format Of 9.1 MBPS As An Archival Quality All Regions Format DVD, MP4 Video Download Or USB Flash Drive! (Color, Four Episodes Of 25 Minutes Each.) #ErnestHemingway #Hemingway #Novelists #ShortStoryWriters #Literature #AmericanLiterature #Journalism #PulitzerPrize #NobelPrize #NobelPrizeLaureates #Modernism #LostGeneration #Montparnasse #Paris #WorldWarI #WorldWarOne #WorldWar1 #WWI #WW1 #FirstWorldWar #FirstEuropeanWar #EuropeanCivilWar #SpanishCivilWar #GreatWriters #DVD #VideoDownload #MP4 #USBFlashDrive
Ernest Hemingway, American novelist, short story writer, and journalist, Pulitzer Prize recipient, Nobel Prize laureate (July 21, 1898 - July 2, 1961) was born in Oak Park, Illinois. The economical and understated style of Ernest Miller Hemingway, which he termed the Iceberg Theory, had a strong influence on 20th-century fiction, while his adventurous lifestyle and his public image brought him admiration from later generations. Hemingway produced most of his work between the mid-1920s and the mid-1950s, and won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. He published seven novels, six short-story collections, and two non-fiction works. Three of his novels, four short story collections, and three non-fiction works were published posthumously. Many of his works are considered classics of American literature. Hemingway was raised in Oak Park, Illinois. After high school, he reported for a few months for The Kansas City Star, before leaving for the Italian Front to enlist as an ambulance driver in World War I. In 1918, he was seriously wounded and returned home. His wartime experiences formed the basis for his novel A Farewell to Arms (1929). In 1921, he married Hadley Richardson, the first of what would be four wives. The couple moved to Paris, where he worked as a foreign correspondent and was influenced by the modernist writers and artists of the 1920s "Lost Generation" expatriate community. His debut novel, The Sun Also Rises, was published in 1926. After his 1927 divorce from Richardson, Hemingway married Pauline Pfeiffer; they divorced after he returned from the Spanish Civil War, where he had been a journalist. He based For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940) on his experience there. Martha Gellhorn became his third wife in 1940; they separated after he met Mary Welsh in London during World War II. He was present at the Normandy landings and the liberation of Paris. Shortly after the publication of The Old Man and the Sea (1952), Hemingway went on safari to Africa, where he was almost killed in two successive plane crashes that left him in pain or ill-health for much of the rest of his life. Hemingway maintained permanent residences in Key West, Florida (in the 1930s) and Cuba (in the 1940s and 1950s). While he and his wife Mary Saviers were living in Ketchum, Idaho in 1960, he became aware that the FBI was actively monitoring his movements. The FBI had, in fact, opened a file on him during World War II, when he used the Pilar to patrol the waters off Cuba, and J. Edgar Hoover, who had a deep personal animus against Hemingway and considered him both a personal and national security threat (Hemingway had set up an informal intelligence service in Cuba that was at times more effective than the FBI, which Hoover considered an affront), had an agent in Havana watch Hemingway during the 1950s. By the end of November 1960, Mary believed was suffering from paranoia due to his awareness that the FBI was monitoring him, and at her wits' end, Saviers suggested Hemingway go to the Mayo Clinic in Minnesota. Hemingway agreed, and may have believed he was to be treated there for hypertension. The FBI knew Hemingway was at the Mayo Clinic, as an agent later documented in a letter written in January 1961. In an attempt to maintain anonymity, Hemingway was checked in at the Mayo Clinic under Saviers's name. Meyers writes that "an aura of secrecy surrounds Hemingway's treatment at the Mayo" but confirms he was treated with electroshock therapy (now called electroconvulsive therapy) as many as 15 times in December 1960. He was "released in ruins", a shadow of his former self as a result of the repeated electric shocks to his brain, in January 1961. Author Michael Reynolds was later able to access Hemingway's records at the Mayo, which indicated, incredibly, that that the combination of medications given to Hemingway may likely have been the cause for the depressive state for which Hemingway was "treated". The ultimate result of all this was that he was rendered unable to write with anything the level of competance that an author would consider adequate. Therefore, three months after Hemingway was released from the Mayo Clinic, when he was back in Ketchum in April 1961, Mary "found Hemingway holding a shotgun" in the kitchen one morning. She called Saviers, who sedated him and admitted him to the Sun Valley Hospital; from there he was returned to the Mayo Clinic for more electroshock treatments. He was released in late June and arrived home in Ketchum on June 30. Two days later, in the early morning hours of July 2, 1961, Hemingway "quite deliberately" shot himself with his favorite shotgun. He had unlocked the basement storeroom where his guns were kept, gone upstairs to the front entrance foyer of their Ketchum home, and according to Mellow, shot himself with the "double-barreled shotgun that he had used so often it might have been a friend".