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The Political Rise And Fall Of Mikhail Gorbachev, General Secretary Of The Governing Communist Party Of The Former Soviet Union, From His Birth To The Aftermath Of The Fall Of The Red Empire, Whose Work In Moving The USSR From Marxism-Leninism To Social Democracy Earned Him The Nobel Peace Prize At The Price Of A Coup d'Etat (Color, 1991, 58 Minutes) PLUS BONUS TITLE: WORLD IN ACTION: THE GO-BETWEEN, An Investigation Into How KGB Colonel Turned MI6 Double-Agent Oleg Gordievsky Clandestinely Coached Margaret Margaret Thatcher On Dealing With Mikhail Gorbachev In Order To Prevent The Execution Of Operation RYAN, A Soviet Nuclear First Strike Upon The West That He Knew Was Imminent Without His Intervention, And Thereby Beginning The End Of The Cold War (Color, 1990, 23 Minutes), All Presented In The Highest DVD Quality MPG Video Format Of 9.1 MBPS As An MP4 Video Download Or Archival Quality All Regions Format DVD!
*September 27, 2022: Updated And Upgraded: Updated WORLD IN ACTION: THE GO-BETWEEN, And Upgraded From A Standard Format DVD To An Archival Quality Dual Layer Format All Regions DVD!
Mikhail Gorbachev, Russian and former Soviet lawyer, politician and Nobel Prize laureate, was born Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev on March 2, 1931 in the village of Privolnoye, Stavropol Krai, Russia. He was the eighth and last leader of the Soviet Union, having been General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991. He was the country's head of state from 1988 until 1991 (titled as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet from 1988 to 1989, as Chairman of the Supreme Soviet from 1989 to 1990, and as President of the Soviet Union from 1990 to 1991). Gorbachev was born in Stavropol Krai in 1931 into a peasant Ukrainian-Russian family, and in his teens, operated combine harvesters on collective farms. He graduated from Moscow State University in 1955 with a degree in law. While he was at the university, he joined the Communist Party, and soon became very active within it. In 1970, he was appointed the First Party Secretary of the Stavropol Regional Committee, First Secretary to the Supreme Soviet in 1974, and appointed a candidate member of the Politburo in 1979. Within three years of the death of Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev, following the brief interregna of Andropov and Chernenko, Gorbachev was elected general secretary by the Politburo in 1985. Before he reached the post, he had occasionally been mentioned in Western newspapers as a likely next leader and a man of the younger generation at the top level. Gorbachev's policies of glasnost ("openness") and perestroika ("restructuring") and his reorientation of Soviet strategic aims contributed to the end of the Cold War. Under this program, the role of the Communist Party in governing the state was removed from the constitution, which inadvertently led to crisis-level political instability with a surge of regional nationalist and anti-communist activism culminating in the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Gorbachev later expressed regret for his failure to save the USSR, though he has insisted that his policies were not failures but rather were vitally necessary reforms which were sabotaged and exploited by opportunists. He was awarded the Otto Hahn Peace Medal in 1989, the Nobel Peace Prize in 1990, and the Harvey Prize in 1992, as well as honorary doctorates from various universities.
Oleg Antonovich Gordievsky, CMG (b. October 10, 1938) is a former colonel of the KGB who became KGB resident-designate (rezident) and bureau chief in London, and was a double agent, providing information to the British Secret Intelligence Service (MI6) from 1974 to 1985.[2] After being recalled to Moscow under suspicion, he was exfiltrated from the Soviet Union in July 1985 under a plan code-named Operation Pimlico. The Soviet Union subsequently sentenced him to death in absentia.
Operation RYAN (or RYaN, and sometimes written as VRYAN) was a Cold War military intelligence program run by the Soviet Union during the early 1980s when they believed the United States was planning for an imminent first strike attack. The name is an acronym for Raketno-Yadernoe Napadenie (Russian: "Nuclear Missile Attack"). The purpose of the operation was to collect intelligence on potential contingency plans of the Reagan administration to launch a nuclear first strike against the Soviet Union. The program was initiated in May 1981 by Yuri Andropov, then chairman of the KGB.